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John A. Rowland
John A. Rowland was an early settler and rancher of the eastern San Gabriel Valley area of Los Angeles County, California. He and his family were very prominent in the region's early development and the unincorporated community of Rowland Heights, California is named for him.
==Early life==
There is speculation about several aspects of the early life of John Albert Rowland (April 15, 1791–October 13, 1873) starting with his birthplace depending on which reference is accepted as either Cecil County, Maryland or Pennsylvania. Also, there is speculation whether "Albert" was his middlename as he never used it on official or legal documents. His birthdate is also uncertain, as his tombstone indicated his age at death as 82 years rather than specific birth and death dates. Most census listings indicate a later than 1790 birth and differing birthplace: southeastern Pennsylvania (Census 1850, actually 1851: 52 years old), across the river from Cecil County, Maryland (Censuses 1860: 62 years old and 1870: 68 years old).〔U.S. Censuses: 1850-Los Angeles County, California, dated February 12, 1851, Dwelling 405/Family 405; 1860-Elmonte Township, Los Angeles County, California, dated July 20, 1860, Dwelling 164/Family 155; 1870-El Monte Township, Los Angeles County, California, dated July 24, 1870, Dwelling 340/Family 362.〕
At an early date in the 19th century, the Rowland family migrated to Morgan County, Ohio, roughly between Wheeling, West Virginia and Columbus, Ohio along a heavily traveled westward route for many in the Eastern states in the first decade or two of the century. As a young man, Rowland, presumably, followed the Ohio River to the Mississippi and then to St. Louis. From there, he would have traveled along the Missouri River to the town of Franklin at the western edge of the United States. In 1823, using the new Santa Fe Trail, he migrated to the Mexico territory of Nuevo Mexico, now the U.S. state of New Mexico.
Rowland, said to have been trained as a surveyor, moved to San Fernando de Taos, and become a fur trapper for a time, although he later operated a flour mill. In 1825, Mexican citizenship followed before marriage to María Encarnación Martínez.〔''Covina'' by Barbara Ann Hall, Covina Valley Historical Society, Published by Arcadia Publishing, 2007, ISBN 0-7385-5555-X, 9780738555553, p. 9.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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